10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, 1000BASE-T Ethernet Application

Get more visibility into your Ethernet designs with 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, and 1000BASE-T physical layer measurement and analysis on the DPO/MSO70000C/DX/SX, DPO7000C, and DPO/MSO5000 Series Oscilloscopes. The combination of the oscilloscope, TekExpress Ethernet (CMENET3) compliance test software, and a wide range of available analog probes enables you to perform detailed and accurate validation of your designs. Along with the physical layer tests, the Ethernet test solution also offers insight into the protocol layer (Option SR-ENET on the DPO/MSO70000C/DX/SX, DPO7000C, and DPO/MSO5000 Series Oscilloscopes and Option DPO4ENET on the MDO4000 Series Oscilloscopes).

Key features

• CMENET3 TekExpress Ethernet compliance test application
  • Comprehensive Ethernet PHY test coverage supporting multiple speeds
  • Highly optimized and intuitive user interface for quick test configuration and validation of electrical signals
  • Compliance testing and margin testing for accurate analysis and improved interoperability
  • Time-domain and frequency-domain measurements can be made with a single instrument
  • Jitter and timing measurements can be configured with and without filters
  • Amplitude and droop testing for transmitter performance
  • Detailed test reports with measurement results, pass/fail status, test margin, and test specific waveform images
  • Configure test parameters and limits for debug and characterization
  • Configure multiple test runs and analyze the results
  • Preview of test mode waveform before running the tests
  • Additional Peak Distortion vs. Phase Offset and Error Values vs. Number plots for 1000BASE-T distortion tests

• SR-ENET Ethernet protocol trigger and analysis
  • Automated trigger (MSO/DPO5000 Series only), decode, and search for 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX Ethernet standards
  • Designed for use with MSO/DPO5000, DPO7000C, and DPO/MSO70000C/DX/SX Series Oscilloscopes

• DPO4ENET Ethernet protocol trigger and analysis
  • Automated trigger, decode, and search for 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX Ethernet standards
  • Designed for use with MDO4000 Series Oscilloscopes

Applications

• 10BASE-T Ethernet
• 100BASE-TX Ethernet
• 1000BASE-T Ethernet

CMENET3 Automated Ethernet physical layer compliance testing

Ethernet compliance testing has some unique measurement challenges:

• Generating disturbing signals: You need tools to generate pattern data and noise which provide real-world noise for return loss measurements.
• Each Ethernet variant requires return loss, and template tests:
  • The 10BASE-T standard requires 22 tests per port with fault tolerance and CMRR
  • The 100BASE-TX standard requires 12 tests per port with CMRR
  • The 1000BASE-T standard requires 80 tests per port with BER, and CMRR
• The large number of individual tests with compliance testing requires more setup and measurement time. This makes it difficult to achieve repeatable measurement results quickly.
• Performing return loss measurements using a vector network analyzer can be expensive. Tektronix' patented method uses an Arbitrary Function Generator (AFG) and oscilloscope, which is cost-effective and accurate.

85Ω/100Ω/115Ω plots with margin table for the 1000BASE-T return loss measurement.

Automated Ethernet physical layer tests

To ensure the information transmission over a network is reliable, industry standards specify requirements for a network’s physical layer. The CMENET3 Ethernet Compliance Test Software automates Ethernet physical layer tests for 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, and 1000BASE-T in compliance with IEEE 802.3-2000 and ANSI X3.263-1995 standards. The portfolio of tests includes core PMA and MDI tests such as Template, Distortion, Return Loss, Jitter, and Common Mode Voltage.

1000 BASE-T template test (without Disturber) at point A.

Amplitude domain tests

The industry standards require signals to have amplitudes within specified ranges to assure interoperability between the devices. The amplitude tests vary with signal speeds but include parameters such as peak or peak-to-peak amplitude, overshoot, common-mode voltage, and positive/negative pulse symmetry.

Return loss test

The return loss of the cabling system can also affect interoperability. The standards define the minimum amount of attenuation, of the reflected signal relative to the incident signal. The return loss test measures the impedance, typically over the range of 100 Ω ±15%. The TekExpress Ethernet application ingeniously performs the return loss test for 85, 100, and 115 Ω (111 Ω for 10BASE-T) impedances as prescribed by the standards.

Time domain tests

Timing parameters of the signals are also specified by the standards. The tests include timing measurements such as rise time, fall time, and difference or symmetry between rise and fall times.

Jitter tests

Jitter tests quantify the timing variations of the edges of the signal using specified test patterns. The jitter measurements include the contributions from duty cycle distortion and baseline wander. Jitter is determined by accumulating waveforms and measuring the width of the accumulated points at the eye crossing. The peak-to-peak jitter is inferred from minimum and maximum values in the tails of the histogram for 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX, and from leveraging Time Interval Error (TIE) method for 100BASE-TX and 1000BASE-T.

Template tests

Template mask tests are often used to quickly verify that the transmitted signal meets industry-standard requirements. These template masks are defined so that the signal distortions such as overshoot, jitter, incorrect rise and fall times, etc., will cause the mask test to fail. An example of a 100BASE-TX template mask test is shown below.

Positive side AOI template test of 100BASE-TX signal.

Test report generation

TekExpress Ethernet allows you to quickly validate measurements and generate a detailed report with test results, waveform images, and setup details at the end of every execution.

Sample 10BASE-T test report file.

Test fixtures

The TF-GBE Series of test fixtures supports the Ethernet compliance tests, providing convenient signal access and test points for accurate removal of disturbing signals, return loss calibration, and cross-connect circuits to connect to traffic generators and link partners. The TF-GBE-BTP is a basic test package for 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, and 1000BASE-T tests. The TF-⁠GBE-ATP is an advanced test package which also includes a 1000BASE-T jitter test channel cable.

TF-GBE-BTP basic ethernet test fixture.

Complete solution for receiver stress testing

The TekExpress Ethernet application offers a complete solution for creating and managing disturbing signals for accurate receiver stress testing. Tektronix Arbitrary Waveform Generators (AWG) and Arbitrary Function Generators (AFG) provide support for adding and removing noise-related elements of the disturbing signal.

Protocol Trigger and Analysis using Option SR-ENET and DPO4ENET

Debugging Ethernet-based embedded designs presents some complex measurement and analysis challenges:

• Capturing specific Ethernet addresses and data from a live stream of protocol messages
• Displaying the elements of the ethernet message in an understandable format for engineers and technicians
• Time-correlating Ethernet messages with analog and digital signals in an embedded system
• Capturing long time windows of Ethernet traffic and then finding specific events within the acquired data

The Ethernet protocol analysis application provides a robust set of tools for debugging embedded systems with 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX Ethernet, including:

• Automated serial decode and search for Ethernet 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX
• Serial triggering on all the critical elements of Ethernet 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX packets
• Decoding of IPv4 internet protocol and TCP transport protocol
• Decoding of all the elements of each message.
• Searching with user-defined criteria through long acquisitions to find specific messages
• Results table display of decoded serial bus activity in a tabular format with time stamps for a quick summary of system activity

10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX packet details

The oscilloscope displays the details of the packets captured for 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX standards. You can also view the details of all captured packets in a tabular view. The packets are time stamped and are listed consecutively with columns for each component (Time, Destination Address, Source Address, Length, Data, FCS/CRC, and Errors).

Color-coded display of 100BASE-TX, showing preamble, MAC addresses, IP header, and TCP header components of a serial signal.

100BASE-TX decoded event table displaying the packet information with time stamp.

10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX search

Trigger On allows users to select an event of interest in the packet and analyze the data. In the past, users had to manually identify errors by scrolling through waveform counts and converting them into bits. The Ethernet protocol analysis application enables the oscilloscope to search through the acquired data for user-defined criteria including the packet content. Each occurrence is highlighted by a search mark. Rapid navigation between marks is as simple as pressing the Previous (←) and Next (→) buttons on the oscilloscope front panel.

Automated search in wave inspector finds all specified bus elements. The image displays the 6 start-of-frame events in the acquisition.

DPO4ENET – 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX triggering and analysis

A complete set of triggers, for specific MAC address, MAC length/type, MAC client data, IPv4 and TCP header content, TCP and IPv4 client data, and FCS errors, enables you to quickly capture the event of interest.

DPO4ENET triggering on a specific 10BASE-T MAC source address.

Color-coded DPO4ENET displays a 100BASE-TX serial signal, showing preamble, MAC addresses, IP header, and TCP header components.

10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX event table

DPO4ENET 100BASE-TX event table displaying packet information with time stamp.