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A function generator is a piece of electronic test instrument used to generate and deliver standard waveforms, typically sine and square waves, to a device under test. It can be used to test a design or confirm that a piece of electronic equipment is working as intended.

A signal generator is any device that creates electronic signals. A vector signal generator specializes in creating RF signals with analog and digital modulation schemes in formats such as QAM, QPSK, FSK, BPSK, and OFDM.

A function generator is a specialized piece of test equipment that has a preset list of waveforms or patterns that it can play. Function generators are known for their ability to rapidly switch from one frequency to another and are a more economical option than other more advanced waveform generators. 

A function generator connects to a device under test (DUT) via test leads and creates voltage waveforms at a desired frequency to the DUT. Using the instrument’s front panel, the operator can change the parameters of a waveform, such as how fast it’s played, the amplitude and offset, or add basic distortion or modulation.

A function generator primarily produces standard waveforms like sine, square, and triangle waves, while an arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) can create more complex and custom waveforms based on user input. AWGs are often used for advanced applications like high-speed signal testing.

Function generators can produce a wide range of waveforms, including sine waves for AC circuit testing, square waves for digital signal testing, triangle waves for waveform analysis, and arbitrary waveforms for custom signal generation.

Yes, many function generators allow synchronization through various methods such as external triggers or synchronization inputs/outputs. This is particularly useful for generating complex waveforms or multi-channel setups.